Sunflower. Kherson region

The sunflower belongs to a vast polymorphic genus in the Asteraceae family. The Latin name of the genus, Helianthus, translates to "sun flower."

A sunflower is not just a single flower but thousands of tiny ones, called disc florets, because their centers form perfect spirals. The flowers in the center of a sunflower grow according to a precise mathematical pattern called the golden ratio.

The Russian name (“podsolnukh” that can be roughly translated as “under the sun flower”) arises from the ability of the flower heads to always turn toward the sun. Sunflowers have a special sensitivity to sunlight, which allows their heads to turn throughout the day, following the sun’s path across the sky.

The sunflower family includes more than 70 species and hundreds of varieties of the most amazing forms, colors, and sizes. Some varieties have red, burgundy, and even pink petals. For lovers of the exotic, there are double-flowered varieties whose fluffy petals resemble lace fringe. Interestingly, breeders have developed a special variety called "cappuccino" - these are brown sunflowers that are completely safe for allergy sufferers.

Since ancient times, the sunflower has been considered an emblem of faith and loyalty.

As soon as the flower appeared in Russia, it was used for decoration. Large yellow buds served as decor in the homes of the nobility. Baskets with bright inflorescences were often seen at balls and receptions. It is important to note that the sunflower was brought to Russia from Holland by Peter the Great. Initially, they were ornamental flowers, but by the end of the XIX century, our country became an exporter of sunflower oil.

In 1829, aromatic edible oil was extracted from sunflower seeds. Five years later, the first oil production plant was launched by serf peasant Daniil Bokarev. Soon, Russia began exporting the product abroad. This period marks a new chapter in the history of the sunflower. Vast land areas were allocated for the cultivation of the crop. The popularity of sunflower oil was boosted by the Orthodox Church, which included it in the list of foods permitted during fasting.

Sunflower seeds are rich in fat-soluble vitamins: A, E, D, and B group vitamins. They are well absorbed in the intestines, thanks to the fats in the seeds. The seeds are also rich in minerals: magnesium, calcium, zinc, iron, and fluoride, while various acids help reduce cholesterol levels. Sunflower seeds have a beneficial effect on the heart and blood vessels. They are consumed as a preventive measure against atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and strokes.

The Kherson region is famous for its vast sunflower fields. The sunflower is a symbol of prosperity and faith in a bright future for Kherson.