Zhiguli thyme. Samara region

The flora of the Zhiguli Mountains includes 28 endemic species. Of particular interest are the narrowly localized endemics, one of which is Zhiguli thyme (Thymus zheguliensis). Zhiguli thyme (wild thyme) belongs to the Lamiaceae family. It is a very rare species and is considered endangered.

Zhiguli thyme grows as a small subshrub, forming loose tufts. Its stems are covered with short, down-pressed hairs. The leaves are rounded and have well-defined long petioles. The flower corolla is bright lilac. It blooms in July-August and bears fruit in September. Reproduction is both vegetative and by seeds. It grows in rocky steppe communities.

Historically, thyme was believed to impart courage. It is thought that the name of the plant derives from the Greek "thymon," meaning strength. Later, the Latin "Thymus" also meant strength, and Roman soldiers would take baths with thyme before battle to boost their vitality and bravery.

Thyme, also known as wild thyme, is loved by many. It has a strong, pleasant aroma (reminiscent of anise and caraway) and a spicy, sharp taste. This plant is used as a popular seasoning for meat and fish, and it is also added to black and green tea.

In folk medicine, thyme was used as a diaphoretic and diuretic, as well as an antispasmodic and sedative. It was used for treating whooping cough, neuralgia, and stomach cramps. In the form of ointments and compresses, thyme was used for rheumatism and as a wound healer for skin diseases.